Definition and Examples of Title Case and Headline Style

Title case is one of the conventions used for capitalizing the words in a title, subtitle, heading, or headline: capitalize the first word, the last word, and all major words in between. Also known as  up style and headline style. Not all style guides agree on what distinguishes a major word from a minor word. See the guidelines below from the American Psychological Association (APA Style), The Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago Style), and the Modern Language Association (MLA Style). Examples and Observations Alexander and the Terrible, Horrible, No Good, Very Bad Day, by Judith Viorst and Ray Cruz(the title of a book in title case)A Matter of Concern: Kenneth Burke, Phishing, and the Rhetoric of National Insecurity by Kyle Jensen (Rhetoric Review, 2011)(the title of a journal article in title case)The Lover Tells of the Rose in His Heart by William Butler Yeats(the title of a poem in title case)Probing Link to Bin Laden, U.S. Tells Pakistan to Name Agents(a headline in title case from The New York Times)APA Style: Major Words in Titles and HeadingsCapitalize major words in titles of books and articles within the body of the paper. Conjunctions, articles, and short prepositions are not considered major words; however, capitalize all words of four letters or more. Capitalize all verbs (including linking verbs), nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and pronouns. When a capitalized word is a hyphenated compound, capitalize both words. Also, capitalize the first word after a colon or a dash in a title . . . .Exception: In titles of books and articles in reference lists, capitalize only the first word, the first word after a colon or em dash, and proper nouns. Do not capitalize the second word of a hyphenated compound.(Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association, 6th ed. American Psychological Association, 2010)Capitalize the first and last words in titles and subtitles (but see rule 7), and capitalize all other major words (nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, and some conjunctions--but see rule 4).Lowercase the articles the, a, and an.Lowercase prepositions, regardless of length, except when they are used adverbially or adjectivally (up in Look Up, down in Turn Down, on in The On Button, to in Come To, etc.) or when they compose part of a Latin expression used adjectivally or adverbially (De Facto, In Vitro, etc.).Lowercase the conjunctions and, but, for, or, and nor.Lowercase to not only as a preposition (rule 3) but also as part of an infinitive (to Ru n, to Hide, etc.), and lowercase as in any grammatical function.Lowercase the part of a proper name that would be lowercased in text, such as de or von.Lowercase the second part of a species name, such as fulvescens in Acipenser fulvescens, even if it is the last word in a title or subtitle.Chicago Style: Principles of Headline-Style CapitalizationThe conventions of headline style are governed mainly by emphasis and grammar. The following rules, though occasionally arbitrary, are intended primarily to facilitate the consistent styling of titles mentioned or cited in text and notes:(The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th ed. The University  of Chicago Press, 2010)Nouns . . .Pronouns . . .Verbs . . .Adjectives . . .Adverbs . . .Subordinating conjunctionsArticles . . .Prepositions . . .Coordinating conjunctions . . .The to in infinitives . . .MLA Style: Titles of Works in the Research PaperThe rules for capitalizing titles are strict. In a title or subtitle, capitalize the first word, the last word, and all principal words, including those that follow hyphens in compound terms. Therefore, capitalize the following parts of speech:Do not capitalize the following parts of speech when they fall in the middle of a title:Use a colon and a space to separate a title from a subtitle, unless the title ends in a question mark or an exclamation point. Include other punctuation only if it is part of the title or subtitle.(MLA Handbook for Writers of Research Papers, 7th ed. The Modern Language Association of America, 2009)The difference between title case and every word in capitals is minor, and we think that very few of your users will notice. But Opt For Every Word In Capitals And A Few Of Your Users Will Find Themselves Mentally Correcting Every Wrongly Capitalized Word. Its a bit like the use of apostrophes: most people dont notice whether or not you are correct; some people definitely do and their irritation about your mistakes will distract them from the smooth flow of que stions and answers.Our bottom line: opt for sentence case if you can.(Caroline Jarrett and Gerry Gaffney, Forms That Work: Designing Web Forms for Usability. Morgan Kaufmann, 2009)

Armenian Genocide and Holocaust Comparison - 860 Words

More than thirteen million people from over four different religions and races were killed during the Holocaust and Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire. That is more than half the number of people that died in World War I. The book Maus by Art Spigelman tells the story of a man who was a victim of and lived through the Holocaust. The Holocaust and Amenian Genocide are indistinguishable because of not only the amount of people that died but also for three more main reasons. These reasons are the gruesome leaders of both genocides, the merciless dehumanization that was forced upon the Armenians, Jews, and Lebanese, and the unreasonable murder tactics. ! First of all, there were many people that were part of the extermination of†¦show more content†¦During the Holocaust, they were willing to spend great amounts of money to kill the Jews just as long as they were all dead. The Jews were killed in gas chambers, shot down oneby-one into mass graves, and tortured for no good reason (Maus 241-244). ! The Holocaust and Amenian Genocide were very similar for three main reasons. The leaders were Adolf Hitler and Enver Pasha. They were both very uncaring and wanted to exterminate many different groups of people. The merciless dehumanization of the Jews and Armenians included taking their names, homes, and belongings away from them. The unreasonable murder tactics in both genocides included burning, shooting, and gassing the victims. More than thirteen million people died during these two genocides and there are some people that deny that it ever even happened. Kamberling 4 Works Cited Adolf Hitler Quotes. Adolf Hitler Quotes (Author of Mein Kampf). Good Reads Inc., 4 ! ! Apr. 2001. Web. 16 May 2012. . Hui, Tongu. QUOTES- Various Turkish Leaders. QUOTES- Various Turkish Leaders. VBulletin Solutions, Inc., 24 Mar. 2005. Web. 10 May 2012. . Institute, Armenian National. Armenian Genocide. Armenian Genocide. Armenian ! ! National Institute. Web. 01 May 2012. . Rights Council, The United Human. Armenian Genocide. The United Human Rights ! Council. VIBSCO. Web. 01 May 2012. . Spiegelman, Art. Maus: A Survivors Tale. New York: Pantheon, 1986.Show MoreRelatedHuman Rights Within The World1313 Words   |  6 Pagesafter the horrors of the 20th century as illustrated by war, genocide, expulsion, and mass sterilization. As a key factor to the existence of the charter of human rights, war, and specifically, World War I and II, had various inter-ethnic conflicts such as genocide, that were completely necessary for these rights to emerge. Genocide, under the article II of the 1948 UN Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide, alludes the concept of an eradication of a particular groupRead MoreRacism Is The Belief That One Race Is Superior Or Holds Dominance Over Another Because2261 Words   |  10 Pagesdiscrimination are nearly synonymous. The definition of racism has extended to mean inferiority as determined through comparison with another groups set of ideals. Based on this definition of racism, we can understand how events such as the Native American Genocide can be seeds to sprout bigger scale horrors like the Jewish Holocaust. The racism that sparked the Jewish Holocaust, however, began long before the event. Historically, Jews have faced a type of racism called antisemitism, which is hostilityRead More Rwanda Genocide Compared to Blood Done Sign My Name982 Words   |  4 Pagesraped, and killed around 800,000 Tutsi members, along with partial Hutu members. 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Most films inevitably depict all Germans as a single force hellbent on killing every Jewish person at whatever cost. World War II films such as Inglorious Basterds that dehumanize Germans through guilt by association, making themRead MoreThe Fear Factor : How People Do Horrible Things1815 Words   |  8 PagesThe Fear Factor: How People Do Terrible Things The Holocaust. The Armenian genocide. Rwanda, 1994. â€Å"Your ancestors have a gift for self-destruction that borders on genius† (Doctor Who), and â€Å"Those who forget the past are doomed to repeat it,† according to Napoleon, and indeed they are right. But how does it happen? How can one person or group think of another group as deserving to be slaughtered, and how on earth can ordinary people be convinced and capable to take action against them? Again andRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. 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Ethan Frome Key Passage Analysis free essay sample

Edith Wharton quite deliberately brings together human emotion and the environment in her novella Ethan Frome. The characters are circumscribed by the environment in which they exist and the impossibility of escape from the environmental forces of nature, heredity and place shape the characters of the text. A moment of hope arises as Mattie and Ethan walk home together from the dance and a more romantic sense of possibility emerges. The reader is drawn to the love of Ethan and Mattie quite subtly – it grows almost organically from innocent moments shared and this is perhaps why the reader does not see their ‘affair’ as adulterous. We share the hope that glimmers in the bleak cold that is Starkfield and its characters. Ethan’s sensitivity reflects an important aspect of his character that is shown to us in this section. His intelligence and the study in Worcester has exacerbated his isolation within the Starkfield community. We will write a custom essay sample on Ethan Frome Key Passage Analysis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Harmon Gow’s ironic observation that ‘most of the smart one’s got away’ heightens the reader’s perception that Ethan is trapped. The ‘appeal of natural beauty’ suggests a connection with the landscape that is romantic in its conception. Ethan ‘communes’ with the environment and is able to see beyond the harshness in a way that the frame narrator cannot. The fact that he feels this appreciation of beauty as a silent and solitary emotion typifies the lack of communication within his world. Similarly, the night walks of Mattie and Ethan become moments of ‘communion’. Wharton’s choice of diction suggests that their relationship is more than a response to the physical harshness of the environment or repressed emotions – the ‘sweetness of this communion’ implies a genuine meeting of souls and minds that transcends the physical. The fact that Mattie’s ‘spirit†¦ trembled with the same touch of wonder’ is inspiring for Ethan and the reader is encouraged to view the relationship as one of purity and innocence rather than adulterous. Wharton uses the environment as the meeting point for the lovers’ ‘wonder’ – looking up to the stars (an image often synonymous with dreams and hope) or across the fields. It is interesting to note the descriptive language Wharton uses to describe Ethan’s vision when he is with Mattie. The sunset is red with ‘cloud flocks over slopes of golden stubble’ with strong ‘blue hemlocks’ – the intensity of the colours reflect the intensity of his emotions and contrast with the blank, barren whiteness that has characterised descriptions of Starkfield up to this point. It is as if Mattie, whose surname sparkles with colour, transforms the landscape and Ethan sees the world anew when he is with her. His masculine ego is hinted at by Wharton in the admiration Mattie displays for his knowledge of the environment. We have been encouraged to view him as the powerless and emasculated husband, browbeaten by a shrewish wife. Mattie inspires a sense of manhood within him. This is interestingly displayed at the moment of crisis when the pickle dish is shattered as Ethan takes control and feels the ‘thrilling sense of mastery’ as he reassembles the dish. The symbolic nature of the dish representing the marriage of Ethan to Zeena is shattered and Ethan is liberated by the moment – however fleetingly. Wharton suggests that Mattie and Ethan are closely (and perhaps idealistically) suited to each other – she describes their walks as a ‘communion’. Mattie’s description of the landscape looking as it had been painted strikes a deep chord within Ethan and he feels that Mattie is able to articulate ‘his secret soul’. The closeness and intensity of their relationship is perhaps understated – depicted in the language of the environment rather than through eloquent dialogue. Wharton often plays upon Ethan’s lack of eloquence to show the difficulty he has in expressing his emotions.